Examination for Professional Practice of Psychology (EPPP) Practice Test

What is the implication of increased slow-wave non-REM sleep in MDD?

1. It is considered a typical symptom

2. It is linked to better mood regulation

3. It is an atypical symptom}

4. It suggests biological underpinnings

The correct answer is: It is an atypical symptom}

Increased slow-wave non-REM sleep in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is understood to suggest biological underpinnings related to the disorder. This type of sleep is indicative of altered sleep architecture commonly observed in those experiencing depression. In MDD, changes in slow-wave sleep can reflect underlying neurobiological processes such as dysregulation in neurotransmitter systems and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. These biological underpinnings impact mood regulation, energy levels, and overall emotional stability, which are critical factors in the manifestation of depressive symptoms. Recognizing the presence of increased slow-wave non-REM sleep can also lead clinicians to consider specific treatment approaches targeting sleep patterns to potentially alleviate symptoms of depression. In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the association of slow-wave sleep with MDD. While increased slow-wave sleep may be observed, it is not recognized as a typical or atypical symptom of MDD, nor is it directly linked to better mood regulation. The understanding of this sleep pattern is more about its implications on biology than a direct symptom or a sign of effective regulation.